Learn the Signs of Stroke and Lifestyle Choices for Prevention

Strokes are the fifth leading cause of death in the US, with 162,890 deaths reported in 2021. Additionally, strokes are also the leading cause of long-term disability for adults. It is estimated that 795,000 people in the US have a stroke each year, and of those, approximately 185,000 will have had at least one previous stroke. 

Strokes occur when a blood vessel in the brain becomes blocked or ruptures, preventing the brain from receiving the oxygen and nutrients it requires. Eighty-seven percent of strokes are ischemic, which means blood flow to the brain is blocked. 

Recognizing the signs of a stroke as early as possible is critical for receiving timely medical intervention. In 1998, UK stroke physicians, ambulance personnel, and emergency department physicians developed the acronym FAST to help identify stroke symptoms. 

Face drooping: one side of the face droops or feels numb. 

Arm weakness: One arm becomes weak or numb. 

Speech difficulty: Speech becomes slurred or hard to understand. 

Time to call emergency services: If any of these signs are present, it is critical to call for medical help. 

Other warning signs of stroke can include: 

· Sudden confusion or trouble understanding speech. 

· Sudden trouble seeing in one or both eyes. 

· Sudden trouble walking, dizziness, loss of balance, lack of coordination. 

· Sudden severe headache with no known cause. 

Practicing healthy lifestyle choices can significantly reduce stroke risk; below are five of the most significant changes you can make. 

· Diet: Limit saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, and sodium. Avoid processed foods, sugary beverages, and high-calorie snacks. 

· Exercise: Each week, get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity, like brisk walking, or 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity activity, like running. 

· Manage Blood Pressure: Follow your provider's recommendations for managing high blood pressure, including medication, dietary changes, and regular exercise. 

· Manage Diabetes: Keep blood sugar levels within the target range set by your provider. 

· Avoid Smoking and Excessive Alcohol Consumption: Smoking significantly increases the risk of stroke. Seek help to quit with cessation programs or medications. Limit alcohol to moderate levels of up to one drink per day for women and two drinks per day for men. 

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